Pregnancy Gingivitis: Everything You Need to Know

Pregnancy is an exciting time filled with anticipation and planning, but it also comes with many unexpected changes, some of which can also affect your oral health. One common dental issue we hear about is pregnancy gingivitis. Essentially, it’s gingivitis, a common dental condition that can cause gum swelling, tenderness, and bleeding, during pregnancy. Below, we’ll explore what pregnancy gingivitis is, how it develops, and most importantly, what you can do to manage and prevent it.

Are you experiencing gingivitis while pregnant? Don’t delay seeking help! Book an appointment with one of our friendly Perth dentists today!

What Is Pregnancy Gingivitis?

Pregnancy gingivitis is simply a mild form of gum disease. The term pregnancy gingivitis came about as it is commonly observed in pregnant individuals due to hormonal changes that make gums more sensitive to plaque and bacteria.

Increased progesterone levels make gums more sensitive to plaque, which can lead to inflammation. Pregnancy gingivitis typically appears between the second and eighth months of pregnancy and can peak in the third trimester. However, it can also develop anytime, whether you are pregnant or not. Hence it is important to continue maintaining good oral hygiene through all phases of life.

Common Symptoms of Pregnancy Gingivitis

Pregnancy gingivitis mirrors gingivitis symptoms. These may include:

If left untreated, pregnancy gingivitis can develop into periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that affects the bone supporting your teeth. Therefore, if you suspect gingivitis at any stage of life, it’s best to book an appointment with your dentist for tailored advice on managing it and avoiding more severe gum disease.

How Does Pregnancy Affect Oral Health?

You may be wondering why gingivitis commonly appears during pregnancy. The truth is, there could be multiple reasons, and these all vary from person to person. However, one of the main triggers is likely the hormonal changes experienced during pregnancy. These hormonal changes can make your gums more vulnerable to bacteria and plaque. While these changes are normal, they often create an environment where gum inflammation can thrive, making a pregnant person much more susceptible to gingivitis.

Morning sickness is also fairly common during most pregnancies. Vomiting from morning sickness can expose your teeth to stomach acid, weakening the enamel. To protect your teeth, be sure to rinse your mouth with water after vomiting before brushing your teeth again.

Additionally, cravings for sugary or starchy foods during pregnancy can contribute to plaque build-up, further increasing the risk of gum problems.

Preventing Pregnancy Gingivitis

While hormonal changes are unavoidable, there are several ways to help protect against pregnancy gingivitis and other oral health issues during pregnancy. These include:

1. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

This involves brushing your teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste using a soft-bristled toothbrush to minimise gum irritation. Additionally, flossing your teeth to remove food particles and plaque between your teeth helps reduce the risk of inflammation and helps  keep your gums healthy throughout pregnancy.

2. Eat a Balanced Diet

Maintain a balanced diet to support oral health and pregnancy. Focus on fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and dairy products like milk and yoghurt to strengthen your teeth and gums. Limit sugary foods and drinks to reduce the risk of plaque build-up and gum inflammation.

3. Rinse with Salt Water

If your gums are swollen or tender, rinsing with a saltwater solution can help reduce inflammation and promote healing. Simply mix one teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water, swish it around your mouth, and spit it out. This natural remedy can soothe irritated gums. 

4. Visit Your Dentist for Regular Check-ups and Cleans

Continuing to see your dentist during pregnancy is vital. Routine dental check-ups and cleans can help remove plaque build-up and prevent complications. Be sure to let your dentist or doctor know if you have any concerns regarding your oral health throughout your pregnancy.

Managing Pregnancy Gingivitis

If you’re already experiencing symptoms of gum issues in pregnancy, your dentist may recommend treatments such as:

  • Dental cleanings.

  • Antibacterial mouthwash.

  • Medication for severe cases. 

  • In more advanced cases, your dentist may refer you to a periodontist for specialised care.

When to See Your Dentist For Pregnancy Gingivitis

It’s important to visit your dentist if you experience the signs of gingivitis. These could include persistent gum swelling, bleeding, or pain. If left untreated, pregnancy gingivitis can lead to more severe gum disease, which may increase the risk of complications such as tooth loss. 

Contact Cambridge City Dental For Tailored Advice on Managing Pregnancy Gingivitis 

Taking care of your oral health is an essential part of a healthy pregnancy. By practising good oral hygiene, eating a balanced diet, and visiting your dentist when pregnant, you can reduce your risk of developing pregnancy gingivitis and protect your overall health.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of pregnancy gingivitis, don’t hesitate to schedule an appointment with Cambridge City Dental. Our doors are always open to new patients and we look forward to caring for you and your entire family.

FAQ

  • Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease, caused by a build-up of bacterial plaque on the teeth and gums. It leads to symptoms such as gum swelling, redness, tenderness, and bleeding. Without treatment, it can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease.

  • Yes, gingivitis can be reversed with good oral hygiene and professional dental care. Brushing and flossing regularly, maintaining a balanced diet, and visiting your dentist for regular cleans can significantly improve your gum health. For more severe cases, your dentist may prescribe additional treatments like mouthwash or antibiotics.

  • Gingivitis occurs due to a build-up of bacterial plaque on your teeth and gums. During pregnancy, hormonal changes, particularly an increase in progesterone, could make gums more sensitive to this plaque, leading to inflammation, swelling, and bleeding. Other contributing factors include poor oral hygiene, diet, and certain health conditions.

  • Yes! Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are not only safe but highly recommended during pregnancy. Your dentist may adjust certain procedures for your comfort and safety, such as postponing non-urgent X-rays until after delivery.

  • During pregnancy, hormonal changes, especially increased progesterone, can make your gums more sensitive to plaque, leading to inflammation and an increased risk of gingivitis. These changes can also affect the bones and ligaments supporting your teeth, sometimes causing them to feel loose. 


    Additionally, morning sickness can expose your teeth to stomach acid, weakening enamel, while cravings for sugary foods may contribute to tooth decay. Maintaining good oral hygiene and visiting your dentist regularly can help prevent these issues and keep your teeth healthy throughout pregnancy.


  • Most dental treatments, including cleanings and fillings, are safe during pregnancy. Always consult your dentist or doctor to discuss any concerns you have during pregnancy.

Dr Sam Zein